[Necrotic leg ulcers induced by vitamin K antagonists: five cases].
Fiche publication
Date publication
octobre 2011
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr NGUYEN Philippe
Tous les auteurs :
Bezier M, Perceau G, Reguiai Z, Remy-Leroux V, Tchen T, Durlach A, Grange F, Nguyen P, Bernard P
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
BACKGROUND: Vitamin K antagonists (VKAs) are widely used in thromboembolic diseases. We report five cases of necrotic leg ulcers having a particularly severe course and in which withdrawal of VKA treatment alone enabled healing. CASE REPORTS: Five patients presented with necrotic leg ulcers clinically evocative of necrotic angiodermatitis or vasculitis. Histological features were variable, including inconstantly inflammatory lesions (leukocytoclastic vasculitis) and microthrombosis. None of the patients had laboratory signs of autoimmune disease. Healing occurred in all patients only after withdrawal of VKA therapy (fluindione or acenocoumarol). Associated vascular diseases included superficial venous, distal arterial insufficiency and postphlebitic disease. In three cases, thrombotic factors were observed: hyperhomocysteinaemia or heterozygous Factor V Leiden mutation. DISCUSSION: Although the causative role of VKAs is based solely on chronological criteria, this potential side effect deserves publication because of its practical therapeutic consequences. The physiopathological mechanisms accounting for the role of VKAs, including immunoallergic phenomena and, above all, microcirculatory thrombotic processes, are hypothetical and not universally accepted.
Référence
Ann Dermatol Venereol. 2011 Oct;138(10):657-63.