High-Density Lipoprotein Alterations in Type 2 Diabetes and Obesity.
Fiche publication
Date publication
février 2023
Journal
Metabolites
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr DUVILLARD Laurence, Pr VERGES Bruno, Mr MONIER Serge
Tous les auteurs :
Denimal D, Monier S, Bouillet B, Vergès B, Duvillard L
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Alterations affecting high-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are one of the various abnormalities observed in dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity. Kinetic studies have demonstrated that the catabolism of HDL particles is accelerated. Both the size and the lipidome and proteome of HDL particles are significantly modified, which likely contributes to some of the functional defects of HDLs. Studies on cholesterol efflux capacity have yielded heterogeneous results, ranging from a defect to an improvement. Several studies indicate that HDLs are less able to inhibit the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) proinflammatory pathway, and subsequently, the adhesion of monocytes on endothelium and their recruitment into the subendothelial space. In addition, the antioxidative function of HDL particles is diminished, thus facilitating the deleterious effects of oxidized low-density lipoproteins on vasculature. Lastly, the HDL-induced activation of endothelial nitric oxide synthase is less effective in T2DM and metabolic syndrome, contributing to several HDL functional defects, such as an impaired capacity to promote vasodilatation and endothelium repair, and difficulty counteracting the production of reactive oxygen species and inflammation.
Mots clés
cholesterol efflux, endothelium, glycoxidation, high-density lipoprotein, metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes
Référence
Metabolites. 2023 02 9;13(2):