MRI characteristics of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder: an international update.

Fiche publication


Date publication

mars 2015

Journal

Neurology

Auteurs

Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr DE SEZE Jérôme


Tous les auteurs :
Kim HJ, Paul F, Lana-Peixoto MA, Tenembaum S, Asgari N, Palace J, Klawiter EC, Sato DK, de Seze J, Wuerfel J, Banwell BL, Villoslada P, Saiz A, Fujihara K, Kim SH,

Résumé

Since its initial reports in the 19th century, neuromyelitis optica (NMO) had been thought to involve only the optic nerves and spinal cord. However, the discovery of highly specific anti-aquaporin-4 antibody diagnostic biomarker for NMO enabled recognition of more diverse clinical spectrum of manifestations. Brain MRI abnormalities in patients seropositive for anti-aquaporin-4 antibody are common and some may be relatively unique by virtue of localization and configuration. Some seropositive patients present with brain involvement during their first attack and/or continue to relapse in the same location without optic nerve and spinal cord involvement. Thus, characteristics of brain abnormalities in such patients have become of increased interest. In this regard, MRI has an increasingly important role in the differential diagnosis of NMO and its spectrum disorder (NMOSD), particularly from multiple sclerosis. Differentiating these conditions is of prime importance because early initiation of effective immunosuppressive therapy is the key to preventing attack-related disability in NMOSD, whereas some disease-modifying drugs for multiple sclerosis may exacerbate the disease. Therefore, identifying the MRI features suggestive of NMOSD has diagnostic and prognostic implications. We herein review the brain, optic nerve, and spinal cord MRI findings of NMOSD.

Mots clés

Animals, Brain, metabolism, Diagnosis, Differential, Humans, Internationality, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, methods, Multiple Sclerosis, diagnosis, Neuromyelitis Optica, diagnosis, Spinal Cord, metabolism

Référence

Neurology. 2015 Mar 17;84(11):1165-73