Size-Dependent Electroporation of Dye-Loaded Polymer Nanoparticles for Efficient and Safe Intracellular Delivery.
Fiche publication
Date publication
février 2021
Journal
Small methods
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Dr KLYMCHENKO Andrey
Tous les auteurs :
Egloff S, Runser A, Klymchenko A, Reisch A
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Efficient and safe delivery of nanoparticles (NPs) into the cytosol of living cells constitutes a major methodological challenge in bio-nanotechnology. Electroporation allows direct transfer of NPs into the cytosol by forming transient pores in the cell membrane, but it is criticized for invasiveness, and the applicable particle sizes are not well defined. Here, in order to establish principles for efficient delivery of NPs into the cytosol with minimal cytotoxicity, the influence of the size of NPs on their electroporation and intracellular behavior is investigated. For this study, fluorescent dye-loaded polymer NPs with core sizes between 10 and 40 nm are prepared. Optimizing the electroporation protocol allows minimizing contributions of endocytosis and to study directly the effect of NP size on electroporation. NPs of <20 nm hydrodynamic size are efficiently delivered into the cytosol, whereas this is not the case for NPs of >30 nm. Moreover, only particles of core size <15 nm diffuse freely throughout the cytosol. While electroporation at excessive electric fields induces cytotoxicity, the use of small NPs <20 nm allows efficient delivery at mild electroporation conditions. These results give clear methodological and design guidelines for the safe delivery of NPs for intracellular applications.
Mots clés
electroporation, fluorescent nanoparticles, intracellular delivery, nanoparticle sizes, single-particle tracking
Référence
Small Methods. 2021 Feb;5(2):e2000947