Involvement of Microglia in Neurodegenerative Diseases: Beneficial Effects of Docosahexahenoic Acid (DHA) Supplied by Food or Combined with Nanoparticles.
Fiche publication
Date publication
septembre 2021
Journal
International journal of molecular sciences
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Dr LIZARD Gérard
Tous les auteurs :
Charrière K, Ghzaiel I, Lizard G, Vejux A
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Neurodegenerative diseases represent a major public health issue and require better therapeutic management. The treatments developed mainly target neuronal activity. However, an inflammatory component must be considered, and microglia may constitute an important therapeutic target. Given the difficulty in developing molecules that can cross the blood-brain barrier, the use of food-derived molecules may be an interesting therapeutic avenue. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), an omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (22:6 omega-3), has an inhibitory action on cell death and oxidative stress induced in the microglia. It also acts on the inflammatory activity of microglia. These data obtained in vitro or on animal models are corroborated by clinical trials showing a protective effect of DHA. Whereas DHA crosses the blood-brain barrier, nutritional intake lacks specificity at both the tissue and cellular level. Nanomedicine offers new tools which favor the delivery of DHA at the cerebral level, especially in microglial cells. Because of the biological activities of DHA and the associated nanotargeting techniques, DHA represents a therapeutic molecule of interest for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases.
Mots clés
docosahexaenoic acid, inflammation, microglia, nanomedicine, neurodegenerative disease
Référence
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Sep 30;22(19):