Neuromyelitis optica and multiple sclerosis: Seeing differences through optical coherence tomography.
Fiche publication
Date publication
mai 2015
Journal
Multiple sclerosis (Houndmills, Basingstoke, England)
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr DE SEZE Jérôme
Tous les auteurs :
Bennett JL, de Seze J, Lana-Peixoto M, Palace J, Waldman A, Schippling S, Tenembaum S, Banwell B, Greenberg B, Levy M, Fujihara K, Chan KH, Kim HJ, Asgari N, Sato DK, Saiz A, Wuerfel J, Zimmermann H, Green A, Villoslada P, Paul F,
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an inflammatory autoimmune disease of the central nervous system that preferentially targets the optic nerves and spinal cord. The clinical presentation may suggest multiple sclerosis (MS), but a highly specific serum autoantibody against the astrocytic water channel aquaporin-4 present in up to 80% of NMO patients enables distinction from MS. Optic neuritis may occur in either condition resulting in neuro-anatomical retinal changes. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) has become a useful tool for analyzing retinal damage both in MS and NMO. Numerous studies showed that optic neuritis in NMO typically results in more severe retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell layer thinning and more frequent development of microcystic macular edema than in MS. Furthermore, while patients' RNFL thinning also occurs in the absence of optic neuritis in MS, subclinical damage seems to be rare in NMO. Thus, OCT might be useful in differentiating NMO from MS and serve as an outcome parameter in clinical studies.
Mots clés
Humans, Multiple Sclerosis, diagnosis, Neuromyelitis Optica, diagnosis, Optic Neuritis, diagnosis, Retinal Neurons, ultrastructure, Tomography, Optical Coherence, methods
Référence
Mult. Scler.. 2015 May;21(6):678-88