[Noma].
Fiche publication
Date publication
septembre 2015
Journal
Revue de stomatologie, de chirurgie maxillo-faciale et de chirurgie orale
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr ZWETYENGA Narcisse
Tous les auteurs :
Zwetyenga N, See LA, Szwebel J, Beuste M, Aragou M, Oeuvrard C, Martin D, Emparanza A
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Noma is a necrotizing ulcerative stomatitis known since Antiquity. It occurs mostly in poor countries, the Sahel countries being the most affected. Each year, several hundred thousand cases are reported. Noma affects especially malnourished children who are less than 6 years old and rarely adults with acquired immunodeficiency (HIV, cancer). Ulcerative lesion is occurring rapidly due to the production of endotoxins by bacteria from oral commensal, telluric and animal origin. Necrotic debridement leads to huge defects: loss of soft tissue (skin, nerves, vessels, eye), bone (maxilla, mandible) and teeth. Death occurs rapidly in a few weeks in 80 % of the cases. In case of survival, the consequences are functional, aesthetic, psychological and social. The goal of the treatment in the acute phase is the patient's survival and the fight against limited mouth opening. The management of the phase of sequela is an anaesthetic, surgical and physiotherapy challenge. Its purpose is the social reintegration of the patient.
Mots clés
Adult, Child, Child, Preschool, Disease Progression, Geography, History, 17th Century, History, 18th Century, History, 19th Century, History, 20th Century, History, 21st Century, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Noma, epidemiology
Référence
Rev Stomatol Chir Maxillofac Chir Orale. 2015 Sep;116(4):261-79