Galectin-3 Participates in Cardiovascular Remodeling Associated With Obesity.

Fiche publication


Date publication

novembre 2015

Journal

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

Auteurs

Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr ROSSIGNOL Patrick


Tous les auteurs :
Martínez-Martínez E, López-Ándres N, Jurado-López R, Rousseau E, Bartolomé MV, Fernández-Celis A, Rossignol P, Islas F, Antequera A, Prieto S, Luaces M, Cachofeiro V

Résumé

Remodeling, diastolic dysfunction, and arterial stiffness are some of the alterations through which obesity affects the cardiovascular system. Fibrosis and inflammation are important mechanisms underlying cardiovascular remodeling, although the precise promoters involved in these processes are still unclear. Galectin-3 (Gal-3) induces inflammation and fibrosis in the cardiovascular system. We have investigated the potential role of Gal-3 in cardiac damage in morbidly obese patients, and we have evaluated the protective effect of the Gal-3 inhibition in the occurrence of cardiovascular fibrosis and inflammation in an experimental model of obesity. Morbid obesity is associated with alterations in cardiac remodeling, mainly left ventricular hypertrophy and diastolic dysfunction. Obesity and hypertension are the main determinants of left ventricular hypertrophy. Insulin resistance, left ventricular hypertrophy, and circulating levels of C-reactive protein and Gal-3 are associated with a worsening of diastolic function in morbidly obese patients. Obesity upregulates Gal-3 production in the cardiovascular system in a normotensive animal model of diet-induced obesity by feeding for 6 weeks a high-fat diet (33.5% fat). Gal-3 inhibition with modified citrus pectin (100 mg/kg per day) reduced cardiovascular levels of Gal-3, total collagen, collagen I, transforming and connective growth factors, osteopontin, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in the heart and aorta of obese animals without changes in body weight or blood pressure. In morbidly obese patients, Gal-3 levels are associated with diastolic dysfunction. In obese animals, Gal-3 blockade decreases cardiovascular fibrosis and inflammation. These data suggest that Gal-3 could be a novel therapeutic target in cardiac fibrosis and inflammation associated with obesity.

Mots clés

Adult, Animals, Cardiovascular System, physiopathology, Diet, High-Fat, adverse effects, Disease Models, Animal, Female, Fibrosis, epidemiology, Galectin 3, antagonists & inhibitors, Heart Ventricles, diagnostic imaging, Humans, Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular, etiology, Incidence, Inflammation, epidemiology, Linear Models, Male, Middle Aged, Myocardium, pathology, Obesity, complications, Pectins, pharmacology, Rats, Rats, Wistar, Regression Analysis, Ultrasonography, Ventricular Remodeling, physiology

Référence

Hypertension. 2015 Nov;66(5):961-9