[Do artificial intelligence systems reason in the same way as clinicians when making diagnoses?]
Fiche publication
Date publication
mars 2020
Journal
La Revue de medecine interne
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr WEMMERT Cédric
Tous les auteurs :
Pelaccia T, Forestier G, Wemmert C
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Clinical reasoning is at the heart of physicians' competence, as it allows them to make diagnoses. However, diagnostic errors are common, due to the existence of reasoning biases. Artificial intelligence is undergoing unprecedented development in this context. It is increasingly seen as a solution to improve the diagnostic performance of physicians, or even to perform this task for them, in a totally autonomous and more efficient way. In order to understand the challenges associated with the development of artificial intelligence, it is important to understand how the machine works to make diagnoses, what are the similarities and differences with the physician's diagnostic reasoning, and what are the consequences for medical training and practice.
Mots clés
Artificial intelligence, Biais cognitifs, Clinical reasoning, Cognitive biases, Deep neural networks, Intelligence artificielle, Intuition, Raisonnement clinique, Réseaux de neurones
Référence
Rev Med Interne. 2020 Mar;41(3):192-195