Ulcerative colitis.
Fiche publication
Date publication
avril 2017
Journal
Lancet (London, England)
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr PEYRIN-BIROULET Laurent
Tous les auteurs :
Ungaro R, Mehandru S, Allen PB, Peyrin-Biroulet L, Colombel JF
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease affecting the colon, and its incidence is rising worldwide. The pathogenesis is multifactorial, involving genetic predisposition, epithelial barrier defects, dysregulated immune responses, and environmental factors. Patients with ulcerative colitis have mucosal inflammation starting in the rectum that can extend continuously to proximal segments of the colon. Ulcerative colitis usually presents with bloody diarrhoea and is diagnosed by colonoscopy and histological findings. The aim of management is to induce and then maintain remission, defined as resolution of symptoms and endoscopic healing. Treatments for ulcerative colitis include 5-aminosalicylic acid drugs, steroids, and immunosuppressants. Some patients can require colectomy for medically refractory disease or to treat colonic neoplasia. The therapeutic armamentarium for ulcerative colitis is expanding, and the number of drugs with new targets will rapidly increase in coming years.
Mots clés
Colectomy, methods, Colitis, Ulcerative, diagnosis, Colonoscopy, Diagnosis, Differential, Glucocorticoids, therapeutic use, Humans, Immunosuppressive Agents, therapeutic use, Mesalamine, therapeutic use, Prognosis, Remission Induction, methods
Référence
Lancet. 2017 04 29;389(10080):1756-1770