New pharmacological opportunities for the treatment of invasive mould diseases.
Fiche publication
Date publication
mars 2017
Journal
The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy
Auteurs
Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr HERBRECHT Raoul
Tous les auteurs :
Ledoux MP, Toussaint E, Denis J, Herbrecht R
Lien Pubmed
Résumé
Recently, several randomized studies have been published that will shape treatment decisions in the prevention and management of invasive mould infections. Liposomal amphotericin B is an option for empirical or targeted treatment of invasive aspergillosis or mucormycosis, but for prophylaxis therapy, the triazole class now predominates. The triazole voriconazole is currently regarded as a drug of choice for the treatment of proven or probable invasive aspergillosis, and has shown significantly higher response rates than amphotericin B deoxycholate in this setting, with fewer severe drug-related adverse events. Isavuconazole, the newest triazole agent, offers the advantages of once-daily dosing, a wider spectrum of antifungal activity than voriconazole, predictable pharmacokinetics and fewer CYP enzyme-mediated drug interactions. A recent large randomized clinical trial showed mortality to be similar under isavuconazole or voriconazole in patients with invasive mould disease, with fewer drug-related adverse events in isavuconazole-treated patients. Another study has indicated that isavuconazole is also effective in mucormycosis infections but patient numbers were small and confirmation is awaited. Experimental studies combining different drug classes with antimould activity have been promising, but the clinical database is limited. A large randomized trial of combination therapy compared voriconazole plus the echinocandin anidulafungin versus voriconazole monotherapy in patients with invasive aspergillosis. Results showed the overall response rate to be similar, but combination therapy improved survival for the subpopulation of patients in whom the diagnosis was confirmed by serum and/or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid galactomannan positivity. This active field of research is likely to continue evolving rapidly in the coming years.
Mots clés
Amphotericin B, therapeutic use, Anidulafungin, Antibiotic Prophylaxis, methods, Antifungal Agents, therapeutic use, Aspergillosis, drug therapy, Drug Therapy, Combination, Echinocandins, therapeutic use, Humans, Invasive Fungal Infections, drug therapy, Mucormycosis, drug therapy, Nitriles, therapeutic use, Pyridines, therapeutic use, Triazoles, therapeutic use, Voriconazole, therapeutic use
Référence
J. Antimicrob. Chemother.. 2017 Mar;72(suppl_1):i48-i58