Comparative analysis of patient-derived organoids and patient-derived xenografts as avatar models for predicting response to anti-cancer therapy.

Fiche publication

Date publication

juillet 2026

Journal

Cancer treatment reviews

Auteurs

Membres identifiés du Cancéropôle Est :
Pr LANG Hervé , Dr LINDNER Véronique , Dr MASSFELDER Thierry

Tous les auteurs :
Romero JM, Magrill J, Kalashnikov N, Luo YZ, Chen OJ, Busque S, Ma R, Atallah A, Lazaratos AM, Mendelson D, Wilson L, Deshmukh S, Taifour T, Sorin M, Arthur I, Kuasne H, Levett JY, Wang Y, Seufferlein T, Kleger A, Gout J, Michels AK, Brugarolas J, Poshusta ZS, Hogenson TL, Fernandez-Zapico ME, Hamada A, Yagishita S, Kryeziu K, Lothe RA, Nichols A, Barrett JW, Papaccio F, Castillo J, Inoue M, Massfelder T, Lang H, Lindner V, Nilsson J, Dantes Z, Seppanen H, Wells GA, Kim SH, Ittmann MM, Villanueva H, Lerner SP, Sikora AG, Theillet C, Huang DQ, Khuong-Quang DA, Yeung JC, Park M, Siegel PM, Watson IR, Zogopoulos G, Rose AAN, Dankner M

Lien Pubmed

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/42497819

Résumé

Patient-derived xenografts (PDX) and patient-derived organoids (PDO) are widely used to model cancer and predict treatment response in matched patients. However, their predictive accuracy has not been systematically studied nor compared. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies using PDX or PDO from solid tumors treated with identical anti-cancer agents as the matched patient, identifying 411 patient-model pairs (267 PDX, 144 PDO). Overall concordance in treatment response between patients and matched models was 70%, with no significant differences between PDX and PDO. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive value were also comparable. Patients whose matched PDO responded to therapy had prolonged progression-free survival. For PDX, this association held only when analyses were restricted to patient-model pairs with low risk of bias after applying a bias assessment metric. Together, these findings suggest that in some contexts, PDO perform similarly to PDX in predicting matched-patient response while potentially offering lower financial and ethical burdens. Given that both platforms have distinct strengths and weaknesses, they continue to serve complementary roles in translational cancer research. Additional prospective studies will be required before definitive recommendations can be made.